Hydraulic speed control governor



y 30, 1946. B. G. CARLSON 2,404,900

HYDRAULIC SPEED CONTROL GOVERNOR Filed April 28, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet l 27 I 23 I F I. Z 52 V 32 2 O 1 l I 26 3/ I I M 25 2a 2/ 34 20 3 /J I v 3 36 33 l 55 z 19 F "L O .9 W0... -unlll 2- l v 4 Z INVENTOR. BERT G. CARLSON ATTORNEY July 30, 1946. B. G. CARLSON I HYDRAULIC SPEED CONTROL GOVERNOR Filed April 26, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. BERT G. CARLsolv A TTORNE Y Patented July 30, 1946 HYDRAULIC SPEED CONTROL GOVERNOR Bert G. Carlson, Gates Mills, Ohio, assignor, by mesne assignments, to Jack & Heintz Precision Industries, Inc., Cleveland, Ohio, a corporation of Delaware Application April 26, 1945, Serial No. 590,408

Claims. 1

This invention relates in general to speed control governors and more particularly to improvements in hydraulic speed control governors and has for one of its primary objects to provide a simple and efi'icient self-contained unit which will maintain a constant speed of the prime mover by automatically adjusting the same and eliminate vibrations by effectively dampening vibrations due to sudden load changes without involving a loss of energy due to heat or equilibrium speed of the governor.

Another paramount object is to provide an hydraulic speed control governor which by its construction including a rotating impeller driven by the prime mover and a spaced and opposed spring loaded and dampened non-rotative axially reciprocable shell provides for the virtual elimination of friction and efficiency losses resulting therefrom.

A further object is to provide such a. governor that will provide for the heat exchange between the disturbed hydraulic fiuid and static cooling hydraulic fluid.

With the foregoing and other objects in view, the invention resides in the new and novel process and resulting construction hereinafter set forth in the following specification and appended claims, certain embodiments thereof being illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 1 is a view in longitudinal section taken through the hydraulic speed control governor units;

Figure 2 is a view in section taken along line 22 of Figure 1;

Figure 3 is a view in section taken along line 3-3 of Figure 1; showing the rotating impeller in top plan view; and

Figure 4 is a view in section taken along line 4-4 of Figure 1, showing the reciprocable shell in bottom plan view.

Referring more particularly to the drawings, the unit includes a housing I with a detachable cap 2. The impeller 3 is rotatably mounted in housing 2 by a ball bearing assembly including ball bearings 4 and inner and outer races 5 and B. Impeller 3 may be provided with a removable drive shaft I, of square or angular cross sectlon, and having a bevelled groove head 8 to receive a snap ring retainer 9 which engages the head to retain the latter in driving engagement with the impeller. Above the drive shaft is an oil seal disc I0 and below the ball bearing assembly and against the inner surface of the housing is a soft material oil seal II and an oil seal washer I2 therefor. Below this and about the impeller is a soft material oil seal I3 between two oil seal washers I4 and I5 below which is provided a retaining ring I6.

The impeller itself is formed to have a semicircular cavity I'l divided into a plurality of cavities by spaced vanes I8 therein and to which latter is secured a continuous circular flat ring I9 intermediate the inner and outer extremities of the vanes. As stated before, the load of the rotation of the impeller is borne by the ball bearing assemblies including the balls 4 and the races 5 and 6.

Opposed to and spaced longitudinally of the impeller is a shell 20 that is engaged by a screw bolt ZI to secure the shell to a reciprocating guide shaft 22 slidably mounted in bushing 23 that is rotatably mounted in housing cap 2. Bushing 23 is externally screw threaded to receive a nut 24 between which and the shell 20 is disposed a compression coil spring 25 that surrounds the bushing and the slidable shaft. The nut 24 has a slot to receive a guide pin 26 that is carried by the housing cap. Secured rigidly to bushing 23 is a, speed adjustment dial 2'! the turning of which in either direction causes the nut 24, which is restricted against rotation by uide pin 26, to ride up or down on the bushing and thus decrease or increase the compression of coil spring 25 accordingly.

The shell 20 is formed to have a cavity 28 opposed to cavities I! of the impeller, the outer extremity of the shell having a depending circular flange 29 extending with clearance into an annular chamber 30 in the housing that extends below the head of the impeller. Surrounding shaft 22 and bushing 23 is a longitudinally expansible bellows 3| of the type known in the trade as a Sylphon. This Sylphon is secured to the housing cap by pins 32 and to the shell 20 by pins 33. The shell 20 is provided with a circular series of spaced apertures 34 in its dished portion and a circular series of spaced apertures 35 in its central flat portion.

The chamber provided by the housing and its cap may be filled with oil or other hydraulic fluid to a level appreciably higher than that of shell 20 so as to fill chamber 36 and part of the interior, as well as exterior, of bellows 3|. The resistance which the fluid in cavities I l of the rotating impeller offers to the rotating vanes I8 thereof as the vanes take the fluid along with a fraction of their angular velocity creates a force which is transferred to and resisted by shell 2i as it is reciprocated against the action of coil spring 25 whose compression is adjustable by speed dial 21.

The action of the impeller with its vanes l8 and flat band is in the fluid in which it is submerged is the same as that of the impeller of a fluid coupling. The construction of the shell 28 with its opposed cavity 23 and overhanging flange 29 is such as to receive the hydraulic fluid disturbed and deflected by the impeller in such a manner as to enable the shell to remain centrally balanced in its reciprocation against the action of spring 25 and in response to the hydraulic force set up by the impeller. The hydraulic fluid having access to the interior and exterior of the bellows 3i renders the latter capable of effectively dampening the reciprocating movements of the shell and particularly the dampening of vibrations that would otherwise be present in case of sudden load changes. By means of the simple adjustment of speed adjustment disc ii a normal adjustment of the governor may be made for purposes of controlling the speed of the prime mover by increasing the compression of spring 25 to lessen the top speed and by decreasing such compression to increase the top speed. Besides the greater hydraulic force exerted vertically upwardly from the cavities of the impeller a centrifugal force is also exerted at an angle approximately equal to that of the inclination of the angular inner surface of shell 25}. This surface 36 deflects the oil inwardly where it drops down into cavities ll of the impeller. The apertures 31% act as breathers and as a means for eliminating air bubbles when the unit is fllled with hydraulic fluid. It will be appreciated that the main disturbance of oil occurs in the impeller and that the area of such disturbance is restricted to the chamber formed by the opposed faces of the impeller and shell. Hence the remainder of oil in the unit above the shell is static and acts effectively as a cooling medium by ready heat exchange between the static oil and the disturbed oil. Positive provision is made for this heat exchange feature in that the hydraulic fluid in the chamber formed by the opposed faces of the impeller and shell is forced upwardly through the breather holes 34 to circulate with the static cooling fluid above the circular ring secured to said vanes intermediate 7."

their inner and outer extremities, a shell submerged in said fluid and having a concave surface disposed to be opposed to that of said impelier and carried by a shaft reciprocably mounted in said housing, said shell being adapted to resist by reciprocation the hydraulic forces set up by the fluid disturbed by the rotation of said impeller, an expansible bellows secured to said housing and to said shell and partially submerged exterior-1y and interiorly in said fluid and adapted to dampen vibrations transmitted to said shell and housing by the rotation of said spaced impeller.

2. An hydraulic speed control governor comprising an housing to contain hydraulic fluid, a

prime mover driven rotating impeller submerged in said fluid and being of bowl formation to provide a cavity divided by spaced vanes and a flat circular ring secured to said vanes intermediate their inner and outer extremities, a shell submerged in said fluid and having a concave surface disposed to be opposed to that of said impeller and carried by a shaft reciprocably mounted in said housing, said shell being adapted to resist by reciprocation the hydraulic forces set up by the fluid disturbed by the rotation of said impeller, spring and stop means for normally maintaining said shell and impeller in a predetermined spaced relationship, said shell being adapted to resist by reciprocation against the action of said spring the hydraulic forces set up by the fluid disturbed by the rotation of said impeller, an expansible bellows secured to said housing and to said shell and partially submerged exteriorly and interiorly in said fluid and adapted to dampen vibrations transmitted to said shell and housing by the rotation of said spaced impeller.

3. An hydraulic speed control governor comprising an housing to contain hydraulic fluid, a prime mover driven rotating impeller submerged in said fluid and being of bowl formation to provide a cavity divided by spaced vanes and a flat circular ring secured to said vanes intermediate their inner and outer extremities, a shell submerged in said fluid and having a concave surface disposed to be opposed to that of said impeller and carried by a shaft reciprocably mounted in said housing, said shell being adapted to resist by reciprocation the hydraulic forces set up by the fluid disturbed by the rotation of said impeller, spring and stop means for normally maintaining said shell and impeller in a predetermined shaced relationship, said shell bein adapted to resist by reciprocation against the action of said spring the hydraulic forces set up by the fluid disturbed by the rotation of said impeller and means for adjusting the resisting force of said spring for adjusting the speed limits of said governor, an expansible bellows secured to said housing and to said shell and partially submerged exteriorly and interiorly in said fluid and adapted to dampen vibrations transmitted to said shell and housing by the rotation of said spaced impeller.

4. An hydraulic speed control governor comprising an housing to contain hydraulic fluid, a prime mover driven rotating impeller submerged in said fluid and being of bowl formation to provide a cavity divided by spaced vanes and a flat circular ring secured to said vanes intermediate their inner and outer extremities, a shell submerged in said fluid and having a concave surface disposed to be Opposed to that of said impeller and carried by a shaft reciprocably mounted in said housing, a bushing rotatably mounted in said housing and adapted to slidably receive said shaft, said shell being adapted to resist by reciprocation the hydraulic forces set up by the fluid disturbed by the rotation of said impeller, an expansible bellows secured to said housing and to said shell and partially submerged exteriorly and interiorly in said fluid and adapted to dampen vibrations transmitted to said shell and housing by the rotation of said spaced impeller.

5. An hydraulic speed control governor comprising an housing to contain hydraulic fluid, prime mover driven rotating impeller submerged in said fluid and being of bowl formation to provide a cavity divided by spaced vanes and a flat circular ring secured to said vanes intermediate their inner and outer extremities, a shell submerged in said fluid and having a concave surface disposed to be opposed to that of said impeller and carried by a shaft reciprocably mounted in said housing, a bushing rotatably mounted in said housing and adapted to siidably receive pression coil spring surrounding said shaft and s id haft, s i s ll being dapted to resist by held between said nut and said shell and manual reciprocation the y a ic for es Set up by the means on said bushing for turning the latter to fluid d stur ed by the rotation of said impeller, operate said follower nut to adjust the compresan expansible bellows Secured tQ Said ng and sion of said spring and the consequent resistance to said shell and parti lly Submerged x eri rly of said shell to reciprocation under the hydraulic and interiorly in said fluid and adapted t dampen influence of the fluid disturbed by the rotation vibrations transmitted to said shell and housing of id im ell r,

by the rotation of said spaced impeller, said bush BERT G. CARLSON. ing carrying a non-rotative follower nut, a com- 10 

